Learn more how to embed presentation in WordPress
Copy and paste the code below into your blog post or website
Copy URL
Embed into WordPress (learn more)
Comments
comments powered by DisqusPresentation Slides & Transcript
Presentation Slides & Transcript
Vaccinations
A Controversial Topic
Valeo Health and Wellness
Why do we have seminars?
Why do we take the time out of our days to educate and empower people?
Because of our Mission and Vision.
Valeo Health and Wellness
Vision:
To be the preferred choice for complementary and alternative health care.
Mission:
Working as a unified team of healthcare practitioners, a God-Centered and Patient Centered team to define, provide and measure one’s individual progress towards wellness.
Valeo Health and Wellness
What is wellness?
Experiencing physical, mental, emotional & spiritual vitality daily to unleash your God given potential to function at your maximum ability.
What is health?
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
Objectives:
What is a vaccine?
How does a vaccine work?
What is in a vaccine?
Have vaccines eradicated diseases?
What is the vaccine schedule?
Can a vaccine cause harm?
Is there an ethical issue in not vaccinating?
Examples of some vaccines
What do I do if my child was harmed by a vaccine?
What steps should I take if I choose not to vaccinate?
What steps should I take if I choose to vaccinate?
The purpose of this talk is not to convince you to vaccinate or not. Rather the intent of this presentation is to provide you with information which will allow you to make an informed decision.
Why vaccinate or not vaccinate?
“Anti-vaccine consumers tend to be those with a child who had a bad reaction to a vaccine (which could have been coincidental); those who believe the government should not tell them what to do; and those who are increasingly focused on the perceived benefits of alternative medicine.”
Dr. Bruce Gellin, Director
The Vaccine Initiative, Pediatric Infectious Disease Society 1999
“A truth’s initial commotion is directly proportional to how deeply the lie was believed… When a well-packaged web of lies has been sold gradually to the masses over generations, the truth will seem utterly preposterous and its speaker a raving lunatic.”
--Dresden James
What Is a Vaccine?
A Brief History
Up until a just over one hundred years ago people did not understand micro-organisms and how they caused illness
People did however recognize that some people that were around others with specific illnesses such as smallpox were less susceptible to the illness
As far pack as 1000 years ago the Chinese were using dried up crusts of small pox and poking the skin of people with it to develop immunity
In 1796, Edward Jenner introduced the far safer method of inoculation with the cowpox virus, a non-fatal virus that also induced immunity to smallpox. The success and general acceptance of Jenner's procedure would later drive the general nature of vaccination developed by Pasteur and others towards the end of the 19th century.
What is a Vaccine?
Homeopathy vs. Allopathic
What is a vaccine?
Vaccination vs. Immunization
Vaccination:
“The physical act of administering a vaccine or a toxoid.”
Immunization:
“The process of inducing artificial immunity by administering an immunobiologic
“Although persons often use vaccination and immunization interchangeably, the terms are not synonymous; the administration of an immunobiologic cannot be automatically equated with the development of adequate immunity.”
MMWR Vol.43/No. RR-1, 1994
Just because you get a shot doesn’t mean that you are going to be immune, and just because you produce antibodies doesn’t ensure that you will not get the disease.
What Is a Vaccine?
Vaccines fall under the category of artificial acquired immunity.
The artificial means that many vaccines are administered are by:
Injections- MMR, Hepatitis B etc.
Inhaled- Flu mist
Oral- Polio
Vaccination:
“The physical act of administering a vaccine or a toxoid.”
How does a vaccine work?
The premise behind the vaccine is: an antigen is injected into the body and the body responds by developing antibodies
Once the body develops antibodies, it is immune to the disease
There is some truth to that
But it is much more complicated than that
How does a vaccine work?
First, you may not develop sufficient, if any antibodies to the disease
Second, many times the antibodies developed are not long lasting
Third, because there are many different strains of a virus, you may not develop the right antibodies
How does a vaccine work?
Finally, the type of immune reaction you create typically is more allergic in nature due to the mode of transmission of most diseases
This sets up a problem
We create a immune system that becomes an extra cellular reaction rather than intracellular
This causes some people to have a TH2 response rather than a normal TH1/TH2 balanced response
How does a vaccine work?
Is a child’s body ready for the vaccines that it is getting
Child’s immune system much different than an adult and is not fully mature until about age 11 or 12 according to the Merck Manual
Also other organs such as kidney not as high functioning until age 2
What is in a vaccine?
Many people believe that vaccines contain only the dead germ which causes you to have immunity to the disease you are vaccinating for.
Vaccines contain much more than just the virus, bacteria or toxoid
What is in a vaccine?
Some vaccines are for preventing viral diseases, bacterial diseases or toxins created by bacteria.
The vaccine will have, depending on the specific vaccine, an inactivated form of the micro-organism, a live attenuated form of the micro-organism, a toxoid, or a sub-unit of the micro-organism.
Viruses
Because a virus cannot replicate/reproduce by itself, it must be grown on living tissue. Some examples of tissues being used today are:
Monkey Kidney
Rabbit Kidney
Chicken Embryo
Aborted Human Fetal Tissue
This process is fairly lengthy
Viruses
The way a virus reproduces itself is by injecting itself into living tissue and using the DNA of the living tissue. In doing so it will pick up bits of the DNA from the living tissue. By using aborted human fetal tissue, you can reduce the risk of injecting foreign animal DNA into a human. But is this ethical?
The virus is then killed/destroyed by using formaldehyde
What is in a Vaccine?
Vaccines that have been derived from aborted fetal tissue
What is in a Vaccine?
Vaccine alternatives
U.S. Produced Alternative Vaccines
Disease Vaccine Name Manufacturer Medium
Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis Daptacel/Sanofi Pasteur Several
Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis Infanrix/GlaxoSmithKline Several
Hepatitis B ENGERIX-B GlaxoSmithKline Yeast
Hepatitis B Recombivax Merck & Co. Yeast
HIB ActHIB Sanofi Pasteur Semi-synthetic
HIB Hiberix GlaxoSmithKline Semi-synthetic
HIB PedvaxHIB Merck & Co. Complex ferm.
Polio IPOL Sanofi Pasteur Monkey kidney
Rabies RabAvert Chiron Behring Chicken embryo
Bacteria
Vaccinations for bacterial infections will contain either the entire bacteria itself, including it’s DNA, or pieces of the cell wall of the bacteria.
Bacteria can be grown on different cultures and produced fairly quickly
Toxoids
Some of the diseases that we vaccinate for are caused by the toxins produced by a bacteria. Tetanus and diphtheria are examples of this.
These vaccines contain a toxoid. A toxoid is the toxin neutralized by a chemical, typically formaldehyde.
What is in a vaccine?
So far we know that the vaccine contains either viruses, bacteria (whole or partial), or toxoid and formaldehyde.
Because this is not enough to cause an immune response, they must also add what is called an adjuvant.
What is in a vaccine?
Some examples of adjuvants are aluminum, oil emulsions (including peanut), bacterial, liposomes, and other immuno-stimulating complexes.
What is in a vaccine?
Aluminum is eliminated from the body primarily through the kidneys
Infant kidney function is low at birth and doesn’t reach full capacity until 1-2 years.
“The amount of aluminum in the recommended individual dose of a biological product shall not exceed 1.250mg”
Cite 21CFR Title 21. Vol 7 Sec. 610.15
Typical vaccine day: DTaP, Hep B, Hib, and Prevnar= 1.475 mg of aluminum
What about cumulative amounts?
What is in a vaccine?
Aluminum- Lupus 2012 Feb;21(2):223-30
Our results show that:
Experimental evidence also shows that simultaneous administration of as little as two to three immune adjuvants can overcome genetic resistance to autoimmunity. In some developed countries, by the time children are 4 to 6 years old, they will have received a total of 126 antigenic compounds along with high amounts of aluminum (Al) adjuvants through routine vaccinations.
According to the US Food and Drug Administration, safety assessments for vaccines have often not included appropriate toxicity studies because vaccines have not been viewed as inherently toxic.
When assessing adjuvant toxicity in children, several key points ought to be considered:
(i) infants and children should not be viewed as "small adults" with regard to toxicological risk as their unique physiology makes them much more vulnerable to toxic insults;
(ii) in adult humans Al vaccine adjuvants have been linked to a variety of serious autoimmune and inflammatory conditions (i.e., "ASIA"), yet children are regularly exposed to much higher amounts of Al from vaccines than adults;
(iii) it is often assumed that peripheral immune responses do not affect brain function. However, it is now clearly established that there is a bidirectional neuro-immune cross-talk that plays crucial roles in immunoregulation as well as brain function.
What is in a vaccine?
Aluminum
Our results show that:
children from countries with the highest ASD prevalence appear to have the highest exposure to Al from vaccines
the increase in exposure to Al adjuvants significantly correlates with the increase in ASD prevalence in the United States observed over the last two decades
a significant correlation exists between the amounts of Al administered to preschool children and the current prevalence of ASD in seven Western countries, particularly at 3-4 months of age
J Inorg Biochem 2011Nov;105(11):1489-99
What is in a vaccine?
Preservatives
Thimerasol
Made of ehylmercury(49%) by weight
Taken out of most vaccines except
Flu
Meningitis
DT
Linked to Autism
http://www.vaccinesafety.edu/thi-table-10-0223.pdf
What is in a Vaccine?
In summary vaccines will contain either viruses, bacteria (whole or partial), or a toxoid, formaldehyde, adjuvants, and perservatives.
These additives could cause the vaccine to be harmful. For example aluminum.
Have Vaccines Eradicated Diseases?
Assumptions Behind Vaccinations
Vaccine benefits include the decline of infectious diseases and are the only way to prevent epidemics of “dangerous diseases”
Vaccines are Safe
Vaccines are effective, and the effects are long lasting
Have vaccines eradicated diseases?
Vaccines have been touted as the reason many diseases have been eradicated.
Small Pox is the one we think of most. But did vaccinations really eradicate the disease.
Have vaccines eradicated diseases?
Small Pox: the history
1796 Edward Jenner administers first small pox vaccine
1801 first vaccine program starts in South Carolina
Mass vaccination programs carried out around the world
1960’s many third world countries halt mass vaccination because it wasn’t working as planned
One example: Outbreaks were occurring in India, even with an 88% vaccination rate
Have vaccines eradicated diseases?
In 1972, the WHO began a surveillance and containment campaign:
Actively seeking people with smallpox
Isolating them in their homes
Ring vaccination of family members and close contacts
Outbreaks stopped within 4 years
Smallpox was eliminated within 7 years
Have vaccines eradicated diseases?
Did the vaccination eradicate the disease or mass quarantine?
Quarantine has eliminated many other diseases including bubonic plague.
Have vaccines eradicated diseases?
What about polio?
Have vaccines eradicated diseases?
Have vaccines eradicated diseases?
What about measles?
1920 469,924 cases were reported 7,575 patients died….1.6%
1955 measles death rate <0.03/100,000 or less than 3 in 10,000,000
1962 measles vaccination program begins
Have vaccines eradicated diseases?
Why vaccine or not?
Have vaccines eradicated diseases?
TRUTH: incidence and mortality rates of infectious diseases had declined prior to the introduction of the vaccine.
Some diseases have been pretty much eradicated by vaccination – chicken pox, meningitis in babies
Have Vaccines Eradicated Diseases?
We must also ask the question- should the disease be eradicated? Can one disease protect against another?
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection, early in life, has been shown to have a protective role against the development of asthma and atopy in children. It is unknown whether VZV infection in late childhood and adolescence also has an asthma protective effect. We studied whether VZV infection in late childhood and adolescence, or administration of the live attenuated varicella vaccine, provides a similar protective effect. In the present study, we use a retrospective chart review of a pediatric practice (N = 62) to analyze the effect of wild-type (WT) VZV infection or recombinant varicella vaccine in children (age 3–21 years) diagnosed with asthma. We found (1) asthma onset occurred 9.4 ± 4.4 years after WT VZV infection (4.4 ± 2.2) by age 13.9 ± 6.5 years, but only 3.0 ± 1.7 years after recombinant vaccine (3.2 ± 3.0 years) at age 5.0 ± 3.6 years (P = 0.05); (2) asthma classifications were 61.5% intermittent, 15.4% mild persistent, and 23.1% moderate persistent after WT VZV infection, but were 30.0% intermittent, 36.7% mild persistent, and 33.3% moderate persistent after recombinant vaccine (? = 0.01); (3) severe asthma flare-ups requiring inhaled or oral corticosteroids either ? 1 year or > 1 year after infection occurred in 0.0% and 30.8% patients after WT infection, and 21.4% and 48.3% after recombinant vaccine (? = 0.01); and (4) history of allergies, necessity for allergy referral, and elevated serum IgE levels occurred in 15.4%, 7.7%, and 15.4% of patients who had WT VZV infection before asthma onset, and 36.7%, 33.3%, and 26.7% of patients who received recombinant vaccine (? = 0.01). These studies demonstrate that a single episode of varicella infection, even in late childhood and adolescence, is sufficient to delay the onset of asthma symptoms and decrease asthmatic symptoms and flare-ups.
Jonathan I. Silverberg M.D., Ph.D.Kevin B. Norowitz M.D.Edward Kleiman M.D.Helen G. Durkin Ph.D.Tamar A. Smith-Norowitz Ph.D.. Pediatric Asthma, Allergy & Immunology. March 2009, 22(1): 15-20. doi:10.1089/pai.2008.0515.
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
Assumptions Behind Vaccination Public Health Policy
Vaccine benefits include the decline of infectious diseases and are the only way to prevent epidemics of “dangerous diseases”
Vaccines are Safe
Vaccines are effective, and the effects are long lasting
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
Public health policy is the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals
In order to achieve this there may be some people damaged in order to achieve the greater good
The benefits must outweigh the risks
The Design of a Vaccine“safety study”
Pro-vaccine advocates point to the fact that over 20,000 safety studies show that vaccines are safe
Current “safety studies” of vaccines compare a new vaccine to a second vaccine with a “known safety profile”. Comparing a vaccinated group to a vaccinated group
Study does not compare vaccinated children to non-vaccinated children
Not the same as a study using sterile water or normal saline (a Placebo).
Only include healthy children but then approved for all children (including immuno-compromised)
Most studies only follow the children for 1-4 weeks after the injection
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
Hepatitis B
It is a virus
Symptoms begin with nausea, vomiting, fever, malaise.
Recovery is usually within 4-8 weeks.
Merck Manual, Sec. 4, Chpt. 42
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
Hepatitis B is usually spread by contaminated blood or blood parts.
70% of all infections are in high-risk groups. Primary concern is the potential of cirrhosis or carcinoma
Chronic carriers are a reservoir;
<0.05% in North America and Europe
>10% in some Far East regions
Merck Manual
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
50% develop no symptoms and acquire life long immunity
30% develop flu-like symptoms and acquire life long immunity
20% develop symptoms that lead to diagnosis of Heb B (Nausea,vommiting, Jaundice)
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
Of that 20%, 95% fully recover
Therefore:
<5% become chronic carriers
75%(3.75%) live with asymptomatic infection
25% (1.25%) develop liver disease/cancer 10-30 years after the acute infection
Hyams,K.C.(1995) Risks of Chronicity following acute Hepatitis B virus infection: A review. Clin Infec Dis 20,992-1000
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
“Any presumed risk of adverse events possibly associated with hepatitis B vaccination must be balanced against the expected risk of acute and chronic liver disease.”
MMRW 40(RR-13); p 10 11-22-1991
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
So what are the risks in the U.S.:
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
What is the rationale for using this vaccine in newborns?
“In most developing countries, the first dose of vaccine is administered to all infants soon after birth to prevent perinatal infections; pregnant women are not screened for HBsAG and HBIG is not used.”
“The feasibility and effectiveness of incorporating this approach into the strategy for the US must be evaluated.”
MMWR 40(RR-13);1-19
“In a group of studies, 1636 doses of Recombivax HB were administered to 653 healthy infants and children(5-10 years of age) who were monitored for 5 days after each dose.” Merck package insert.
Vaccine never tested on age group they use it in and monitored for only 5 days.
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
Polio
> 90% of polio cases are a simple viral infection (Fever, malaise, headache, sore throat, vomiting). Occurs 3-5 days after exposure and recover in 72 hours and then lifetime immunity.
< 2% Paralytic polio
Of these greater than 50% have complete recovery
After the Polio vaccine started in 1955, rate increases skyrocketed:
Vermont 266% increase
Rhode Island 454% increase
Massachusetts 642%
Idaho and Utah banned the use of the vaccine
Found vaccines noted to be live polio virus, withdrew
SV40
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
Pertussis
Acellular version vs. Cellular
Experts disagree on whether whole-cell pertussis vaccine causes lasting brain damage, but agree that if the vaccine causes such damage it does so only rarely. Concerns about safety prompted the development of more purified (acellular) pertussis vaccines that are associated with a lower frequency of adverse events and are effective in preventing pertussis disease
MMWR March 28, 1997 / 46(RR-7);1-25
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
Gardasil
As of August 13, 2012, VAERS has received 119 reports of death following HPV vaccination, as well as:
894 reports of disability
517 life-threatening adverse events
9,889 emergency room visits
2,781 hospitalizations
MedAlerts.org. HPV vaccine adverse event report to VAERS as of Aug. 13, 2012. Accessed Oct. 9, 2012.
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
What about the damage that is caused long term?
Could the vaccine cause problems that don’t show up until later? Damage done to genes, immune dysfunction such as auto-immunity, or improper immune balance. These problems could lay dormant until another stressor comes along that triggers this dormant problem.
We don’t know the answer to these questions because no one will do the studies.
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
Because of our lack of studies, we have many people speculating about diseases
What we do know for sure is health statistics don’t lie
1 in 10 children have asthma
1 in 5 Americans have allergies
1 in 91 Americans have autism
Cancer is the number 1 cause of death due to a disease in children
Rate of auto-immune diseases has tripled in the last few decades
Have these statistics changed due to vaccines alone? Absolutely not. Do they play a part? Yes. More research would show how much.
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
Are there groups that we could look at that don’t vaccinate and compare them to vaccinated children?
Many look at the Amish. The Amish do vaccinate but at a rate lower than the rest of the population
Autism rate is 1 in 91 in the general population and 1in 271 in the Amish
Of course there are other factors that play a role as well
Can a Vaccine Cause Harm?
VAERS (Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System) receives around 30,000 reports annually, with 13% classified as serious (e.g., associated with disability, hospitalization, life-threatening illness or death) (CDC VAERS Master Search Tool, April 2, 2008). Since 1990, VAERS has received over 200,000 reports, most of which describe mild side effects such as fever. Very rarely, people experience serious adverse events following immunization. By monitoring such events, VAERS helps to identify any important new safety concerns and thereby assists in ensuring that the benefits of vaccines continue to be far greater than the risks.
http://vaers.hhs.gov/index
Are Vaccines Effective?
Assumptions Behind Vaccination Public Health Policy
Vaccine benefits include the decline of infectious diseases and are the only way to prevent epidemics of “dangerous diseases”
Vaccines are Safe
Vaccines are effective, and the effects are long lasting
“Efficacy”
Does not mean prevention, rather means that you can produce antibodies.
Example: Chickenpox vaccine
“No data exists regarding post-exposure efficacy of the varicella vaccine” MMWR July 12, 1996/ 45(rr 11);pg 12
The relative contribution (of immune response) to protection from chickenpox is unknown.”
There are insufficient data to assess the rate of protection against the complications of chickenpox (e.g., encephalitis, hepatitis, pneumonia) in children.” Varivax package insert (Merck)
Efficacy of Chickenpox Vaccine
The effectiveness of the chickenpox vaccine at preventing all chickenpox symptoms during the first year after vaccination was 97%, which decreased to 86% in the second year after vaccination and to 81% in years 7 to 8 after vaccination.
The vaccine’s effectiveness in year 1 was substantially lower if the vaccine was administered at younger than 15 months (73%) than if it was administered at 15 months or older (99%) but the effectiveness was not much different for subsequent years. Chickenpox was much milder in vaccinated than unvaccinated children regardless of when they were immunized, even after 8 years.
“This study indicates that at least through the first 8 years after vaccination, the overall effectiveness of live, attenuated varicella vaccine remains good, although breakthrough varicella is not rare,” the researchers wrote. “Most vaccinated children who develop chickenpox have mild disease, regardless of their age at the time of vaccination or the time since vaccination; at least up to 7 to 8 years after vaccination (the vaccine’s effectiveness against moderate to severe disease is excellent throughout the period of the study).”
National Network for Immunization Information
Efficacy of Measles shot
Ninety-five percent of those who receive the MMR or monovalent measles vaccine at 12 months of age or older are immune after the first dose. After the second dose, 99.7% of those immunized are protected. Immunity is lifelong.
In 1984, the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMRW) of the CDC reported a late 1983 early 1984 Illinois high school/junior high measles outbreak. The total student population was around 400, and ALL of them (100%) had complied with Illinois State Law requiring the complete MMR schedule.
“Efficacy”- clinical effectiveness
H. Flu (HiB): “The antibody contribution to clinical protection is unknown”
HiB TITTER package insert
Hib is one of only two vaccines that are more effective at providing immunity than natural infection is—the other is tetanus vaccine. Although the Hib vaccine prevents only one form of meningitis, it has nearly eliminated what was once the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in infants and children in the United States. Since Hib vaccines were introduced, the incidence of invasive Hib disease in infants and children in the U.S. has decreased by 99%.
Healthy recipients of Hib vaccine may be susceptible to Hib disease for one to two weeks until antibodies are developed.
“Efficacy”- clinical effectiveness
Smallpox: “Neutralizing antibodies are reported to reflect levels of protection, although this has not been validated in the field.” JAMA June 9,1999 vol. 22
Small Pox: the history
1796 Edward Jenner administers first small pox vaccine
1801 first vaccine program starts in South Carolina
Mass vaccination programs carried out around the world
1960’s many third world countries halt mass vaccination because it wasn’t working as planned
One example: Outbreaks were occurring in India, even with an 88% vaccination rate
“Efficacy”- clinical effectiveness
In 1972, the WHO began a surveillance and containment campaign:
Actively seeking people with smallpox
Isolating them in their homes
Ring vaccination of family members and close contacts
Outbreaks stopped within 4 years
Smallpox was eliminated within 7 years
Efficacy of Flu Shot
"We found that the vaccine was about 59 percent effective overall in individuals 18 to 65 years of age," said Osterholm, director of the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota. "Some studies had higher, some had lower."
In other words, on average, more than 40 percent of people who receive a flu vaccine get no protection from it against the flu.
Osterholm said an influenza vaccine ideally should be 85 to 95 percent effective for all age groups to be considered a good vaccine.
"If we had a childhood measles vaccine that only protected on average 59 percent of the time, we'd say that was a failure," he said.
(2007-2008) The majority (66%) of influenza A (H1N1) viruses were found to be similar to the vaccine strain. However, 77% of influenza A (H3N2) and 98% of B viruses sent to CDC for further testing were not optimally matched to the 2007-2008 influenza vaccine strains.
In recent years the match between the vaccine viruses and those identified during the flu season has usually been good. In 16 of the last 20 U.S. influenza seasons, including the 2007-2008 season, the viruses in the influenza vaccine have been well matched to the predominant circulating viruses.
Efficacy Flu Shot
In a review of 51 studies involving more than 260,000 children, including 17 papers translated from Russian, researchers concluded that there was "No evidence that injecting children 6-23 months of age with flu vaccines is any more effective than placebo." The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. "Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children." 1-(2006).
Efficacy of Flu Shot
A total of 25 studies were reviewed that included more than 60,000 study participants. Again, The Cochrane Group found that vaccination reduced risk of influenza by a meager 6% and reduced the number of days missed from work by less than one (0.16) day. Researchers concluded," Universalimmunization of healthy adults was not supported by the results of this review." The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews "Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults.". 1-(2006)
Efficacy of Flu Shot
The majority of influenza-like illnesses (ILI) are not caused by the influenza family but by other viruses The vaccine does not prevent ILI caused by other infectious agents. Therefore, "many persons vaccinated with the flu vaccine can still get the flu! MMWR Nov. 9,2001/50(44);984-6 (CDC)
Efficacy
Remember efficacy of a vaccine looks only at whether it can cause the body to produce antibodies and does not mean lifelong production of those antibodies
What is the vaccine schedule?
Birth
Hepatitis B
2 months old
Diptheria
Tetanus
Pertusis
Hib
Polio
Pneumococcal
Rotavirus
Hepatitis B
4 months old
Diphtheria
Tetanus
Pertusis
Hib
Polio
Pmeumococcal
Rotavirus
What is the vaccine schedule?
6 months old
Diphtheria
Tetanus
Pertusis
Hib
Polio
Pmeumococcal
Rotavirus
Hepatitis B
influenza
12-18 months old
Diptheria
Tetanus
Pertusis
Hib
Polio
Measles
Mumps
Rubella
Chicken Pox
Pneumoccal
Influenza
Hepatitis A (2 doses)
What is the vaccine schedule?
Two years old
Influenza
Three years old
Influenza
Four years old
Influenza
Five years old
influenza
4-6 years old
Diphtheria
Tetanus
Pertusis
Polio
Measles
Mumps
Rubella
Chicken Pox
What is the vaccine schedule?
11-12 years old
Diphtheria
Tetanus
Pertusis
HPV (3 doses for girls)*Not mandatory yet
Meningococcal
A child who is 6 years old will have received 36-38 vaccines.
That is quadruple what the government recommended 27 years ago.
What is the vaccine schedule?
Why vaccinate or not?
Polio
> 90% of polio cases are a simple viral infection (Fever, malaise, headache, sore throat, vomiting). Occurs 3-5 days after exposure and recover in 72 hours and then lifetime immunity.
< 2% Paralytic polio
Of these greater than 50% have complete recovery
After the Polio vaccine started in 1955, rate increases skyrocketed:
Vermont 266% increase
Rhode Island 454% increase
Massachusetts 642%
Idaho and Utah banned the use of the vaccine
Found vaccines noted to be live polio virus, withdrew
Why vaccinate or not?
Polio
1954 redefined definition of polio disease
Http://webmed.unipv.it/immunology/vaccines.html
If you want to vaccinate, get one dose and then have them draw an antibody titer
Why vaccinate or not?
Hepatitis B
It is a virus
Symptoms begin with nausea, vomiting, fever, malaise.
Recovery is usually within 4-8 weeks.
Merck Manual, Sec. 4, Chpt. 42
Why vaccinate or not?
Hepatitis B is usually spread by contaminated blood or blood parts.
70% of all infections are in high-risk groups. Primary concern is the potential of cirrhosis or carcinoma
Chronic carriers are a reservoir;
<0.05% in North America and Europe
>10% in some Far East regions
Merck Manual
Why vaccinate or not?
50% develop no symptoms and acquire life long immunity
30% develop flu-like symptoms and acquire life long immunity
20% develop symptoms that lead to diagnosis of Heb B (Nausea,vommiting, Jaundice)
Why vaccinate or not?
Of that 20%, 95% fully recover
Therefore:
<5% become chronic carriers
75%(3.75%) live with asymptomatic infection
25% (1.25%) develop liver disease/cancer 10-30 years after the acute infection
Hyams,K.C.(1995) Risks of Chronicity following acute Hepatitis B virus infection: A review. Clin Infec Dis 20,992-1000
Why vaccinate or not?
“Any presumed risk of adverse events possibly associated with hepatitis B vaccination must be balanced against the expected risk of acute and chronic liver disease.”
MMRW 40(RR-13); p 10 11-22-1991
Why vaccinate or not?
So what are the risks in the U.S.:
Why vaccinate or not?
What is the rationale for using this vaccine in newborns?
“In most developing countries, the first dose of vaccine is administered to all infants soon after birth to prevent perinatal infections; pregnant women are not screened for HBsAG and HBIG is not used.”
“The feasibility and effectiveness of incorporating this approach into the strategy for the US must be evaluated.”
MMWR 40(RR-13);1-19
“In a group of studies, 1636 doses of Recombivax HB were administered to 653 healthy infants and children(5-10 years of age) who were monitored for 5 days after each dose.” Merck package insert.
Vaccine never tested on age group they use it in and monitored for only 5 days.
Is the vaccine safe for newborns?
Why vaccinate or not?
“infants born prematurely, regardless of birth weight, should be vaccinated at the same chronological age and according to the same schedule as full-term infants.”
“The full recommended dose of each vaccine should be used. Divided or reduced doses are not recommended. Full vaccination is recommended at birth for HepB+ mothers; after 2000g, if mother is HepB-.
MMWR, 1-28-1994 Vol. 43/No.RR-1
Why vaccinate or not?
How long do the antibodies last?
Vaccine-induced antibodies decline over time
30-50% lose antibodies within 7 years
Up to 60% of persons who initially respond will lose ALL detectable antibodies within 12 years (CDC, unpublished data)
MMWR 46(RR-18) 1-42 December 26, 1997
Why vaccinate or not?
So should you vaccinate?
It’s your choice. Know that doing it later in childhood and closer to adolescence would make more sense.
Why vaccinate or not?
Moving on to DTaP
Why vaccinate or not?
Diphtheria
Caused by a toxin released by the Corynebacterium diphtheria. The toxin can cause myocarditis and paralysis of the soft palate.
Death rate can be up to 10% without medical treatment
Most strains of the bacteria do not cause the bacteria releasing toxin. The bacteria must be infected by a specific virus.
CDC Epidemiology and Prevention, The Pink Book, 6th Edition, Chapt. 6: Pertusus , pg.69
Why vaccinate or not?
Incidence of Diphtheria in U.S.
In 1920s: 150 cases/100,000
By 1945: 15 cases/100,000
1970-1979: 196 cases/yr
1980-1999: 3 cases/year
Treatment of diphtheria
Erythromycin 500mg QID X14 days or
Procaine Penicillin G 300,000 IM daily for 14 days
Why vaccinate or not?
Wide use of vaccine began 1948 same time we started using antibiotics.
Is the vaccine the real reason diphtheria went done or was it antibiotics?
Do children really need 5 doses to build up an immunity? Why not check with titers?
Why vaccinate or not?
Diphtheria vaccines
dT: Used in adults and children over 7 yrs. Dosages of diphtheria toxoid and tetanus toxoid are approximately equal
DT: for children under 7 yrs. The same amount tetanus toxoid as dT but diphtheria antigen is used instead and is 8x more potent than diphtheria toxoid
There are no mercury free diphtheria/tetanus vaccines
Why vaccinate or not?
Tetanus
Started in 3, 6 and 9 month babies related to non sterile techniques in 3 world countries when they did not clean equipment when cutting umbilical cords. Still given for that reason today in the US.
Toxin caused by an anaerobic bacteria and exists in spores found in soil
80% of the time it is displayed as a generalized muscle spasm.
Incubation period is 8-14 days after spore exposure. Recovery can take several weeks to months. (Therefore, an emergent visit to the ER is not necessary).
Study of tetanus cases in 1995-1997, there were 124 cases of reported tetanus. 16 patients (13%) had received full immunizations. 66 patients were unknown. Another 15 had at least one dose. The final 27 had no doses.
Why vaccinate or not?
Tetanus cont.
2 different types of tetanus vaccines: Tetanus Toxoid (TT)
Derived from tetanus grown in beef broth. Detoxified with formaldehyde and thimerisal is added as a preservative
Tetanus Immune globulin (TIG)
Contains antibodies against the tetanus toxoid
Antibody level peaks in 2 days and lasts 23 days
Why vaccinate or not?
Tetanus cont.
Vaccine reactions: Systemic (partial list)
Arthralgias, Serum-sickness; all joints painful
Headaches, nausea, vomiting
Cardiac arrhythmias, tachycardia, syncope (fainting)
Cranial nerve paralysis
EEG disturbances, seizures, encephalopathy,
Anaphylaxis and Gullian-Barre’ Syndrome
Tetanus toxoid package insert
Why vaccinate or not?
Tetanus
How to take care of a wound?
Apply Hydrogen Peroxide at wound site (clean wound)
Allow wound to bleed
Homeopathic remedies Ledum and Hypericum
Antibiotics if serious wound
Keep in mind about tetanus….
Tetanus is not uniformly fatal disease
Tetanus vaccinations are not benign
Clinical tetanus is possible even when fully vaccinated
Treatments are available for potential infections
Why vaccinate or not?
Pertussis (Whooping cough)
Caused by toxins released from bacteria
Patients are usually afebrile; fever indicates a secondary bacterial infection
Sign/ symptoms: coughing until vomit or in babies, apnea (episodes of stop breathing), instead of a cough
Complications of Pertussis infection: bacterial pneumonia (16%), seizures (1.9%), Encephalopathy (0.3%) and death (0.02%)
In 15 years, 92 deaths due to Pertussis. 6 per year.
In 1997 alone, 112 kids died from falls, and 18 by falling out the window.
Why or why not vaccinate?
Pertussis continued:
Side effects of vaccine:
Shock like “hypotension, hypo response’
Seizures
Death
Encephalopathy
NOTE :The same as the risks of the disease!!!!!!!
In 2001, the acellular pertussis vaccine replaced the wholesale pertussis vaccine which was available since 1937 (64 years later)
“Shot in the Dark” by Barbara Loe Fisher
Why or why not vaccinate?
Rotavirus
It is the leading single cause of severe diarrhea among infants and young children, and is one of several viruses that cause infections commonly known as stomach flu, despite having no relation to influenza.
By the age of five, nearly every child in the world has been infected with rotavirus at least once
Rotavirus is transmitted by the fecal-oral route
More than 500,000 children under five years of age die from rotavirus infection each year and almost two million more become severely ill
Why vaccinate or not?
In 1998, a rotavirus vaccine was licensed for use in the United States. Clinical trials in the United States, Finland, and Venezuela had found it to be 80 to 100% effective at preventing severe diarrhea caused by rotavirus A, and researchers had detected no statistically significant serious adverse effects. The manufacturer, however, withdrew it from the market in 1999, after it was discovered that the vaccine may have contributed to an increased risk for intussusceptions, a type of bowel obstruction, in one of every 12,000 vaccinated infants
In 2006, two new vaccines against rotavirus A infection were shown to be safe and effective in children, and in June 2009 the World Health Organization recommended that rotavirus vaccination be included in all national immunization programs to provide protection against this virus
“U.S. federal health authorities recommended … that doctors suspend using Rotarix, one of two vaccines licensed in the U.S. against rotavirus, saying the vaccine is contaminated with material from a pig virus,” CNN reports. March 22nd, 2010
Why vaccinate or not?
HiB (H. Influenza, Type B)
Was the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in the US in children under 5 years of age
12,000 cases diagnosed annually
Fatality rate was less than 5%
Since the introduction of the currently used form of the Hib in 1991, the incidence of invasive H. influenza meningitis has declined around 95%
Vaccine uses bacterial cell wall, which is why it is so effective
Molecular mimicry- Type 1 diabetes
Concern- As a result of H flu, we now have penicillin-resistant pneumococci coupled with the increased frequency of pneumococcal diseases
Journal of Pediatric Infectious Disease June 1992
Which results in the development of Pnuemococcal vaccine (Prevnar)
Why vaccinate or not?
Pneumococcal
Prevnar contains antigens from 7 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae (7 vaccines in one shot)
Each dose of Prevnar contains 0.125 mg of aluminum
American Academy of Pediatrics admits that
“Aluminum is now being implicated as interfering with a ‘variety of cellular and metabolic processes in the nervous system and in other tissues’.” Aluminum Toxicity in Infants and Children (RE 9697), Pediatrics Vol. 97, Number 3, March 1996 pp. 413-416
Why vaccinate or not?
Chickenpox
Caused by a varicella virus
Was considered normal childhood disease between ages of 1-9
Live attenuated (weakened) viral vaccine passed through guinea pig cells, then human embryonic lung fibroblast
Also contains sugar, gelatin, antibiotics, fetal bovine serum, human diploid DNA and protein (no thimerisol)
Why vaccinate or not?
Chickenpox continued:
Antibodies last approx. 10 years
Vaccinated kids equals non immune adults
Risk for hospitalization of adults who acquire chickenpox is 10-20x greater than in children
The risk of severe or fatal disease increases from 0.7/100,00 in children to 25/100,000 in adults
MMWR July 12, 1996/45 (RR11)
The incidence of developing shingles within 10 years after the vaccination has been reported to be nearly 1 in 5,000
MMWR July 12, 1996/45 (RR11)
Re-exposure to wild virus is necessary to maintain life-long immunity
Fear of shingles epidemic due to lack of wild virus.. So they developed shingles vaccine
Why vaccinate or not?
MMR
Why vaccinate or not?
MUMPS
Virus spread by direct contact or airborne requires significant contact for transmission
Symptoms: myalgia, headache, malaise and low-grade fever followed by unilateral or bilateral swelling of the parotid glands. Illness completely resolves within one week.
In approx. 30% of cases, infection passes without symptoms
World Health Organization
Sterility very rare
Merck Manual, chapt. 19 sec. 265
Why vaccinate or not?
Rubella
German or 3 day measles has a mild course with few or no constitutional symptoms
Mild rash with fever up to 3 days often no symptoms
Live virus contains:
Attenuated by passing through human diploid fibroblasts, fetal bovine serum, antibiotics, sugar, gelatin and human serum albumin
“Evidence exists between the rubella vaccine and acute arthritis.”- Adverse Effects of Pertussis and Rubella Vaccines. IOM Academic press 1991 pg 194-195
Why vaccinate or not?
Rubella continued:
(suggestions regarding vaccine and pregnancy)
The risk is small but real (1-2 cases/100,000)
Avoid pediatrician offices in early pregnancy
Avoid close contact with kids who have been recently vaccinated with MMR in early pregnancy
Avoid getting the Rubella vaccine within 6 mo. Of getting pregnant
Why vaccinate or not?
Measles (Rubeola)
Viral infections
Symptoms
Cough, coryza, conjuctvitis
Rash begins 3-5 days later, starting on the side of the neck and then spreading over the entire body
Fever may be high (104 degrees)
Symptoms may last 5 days, rash fades, desquamation occurs, marking end of infection
Why vaccinate or not?
Treatment is supportive
In healthy well nourished children, measles has low mortality and no complication
However, Vitamin A reduces morbidity in all children who contract measles
>1yr: Vitamin A, 200,000 IU orally x 2 days; repeat once a week for one month
<1yr: Vit. A 100,000 IU once a week for a month
Why vaccinate or not?
Measles Mortality Rate
1920 469,924 cases were reported 7,575 patients died ….1.6%
1955 Measles death rate less than 3/10,000,000
MMWR Achievements in Public Health, 1900-1999 Impact of Vaccines Universally Recommended for Children—United States,1990-1998. Apr. 2 1999/48;243-248
1963 Measles vaccination program begins
Why vaccinate or not?
MMR vaccine autism connection
Dr. Wakefield-pediatric enterologist
Looked at 12 children who had a history of an onset of abnormal behavioral symptoms and irritable bowel disease after MMR. All 12 had intestinal abnormalities, ranging from lymphoid hyperplasia to ulceration.
Conclusion of paper: “We did not prove a association between MMR vaccine and the syndrome described…Further investigations are needed to examine this syndrome and its possible relation to the vaccine.”
Wakefield, AJ, Murch SH, Anthony et al. 1998 Ideal-lymphoid-nodule hyperplasia, non specific colitis, and pervasive development disorder in children. Lancet 351:637-641
Many studies have been performed since with no evidence showing this theory to be wrong.
Why vaccinate or not?
Influenza
Is a respiratory viral infection
Symptoms include
Fever, chills, myalgias
Sore throat, cough
Can last a week or more
The elderly and immune compromised are most at risk
The CDC states:
The majority of influenza-like illnesses are not caused by the influenza family but by other viruses
The vaccine does not prevent ILI caused by other infectious agents. Therefore, “many persons vaccinated with the flu vaccine can still get the flu!
MMWR Nov. 9,2001/50(44);984-6
Why vaccinate or not?
What is in the flu shot
Fluzone
Grown in chicken embryos
Inactivated with formaldehyde
Gelatin (0.05%)
Thimerosal (unless a single dose shot)
Recent study showed that if an elderly person receives the flu shot 5 years in a row they are 10 times more likely to develop Alzheimer's.
Why vaccinate or not?
Meningocaccol
Bacterial infection
“As a result of the widespread use of the HiB vaccine to control type B infections, Nisseria meningitidis has become the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in children and young adults.”
Estimated: 2,600 cases each year
Sporadic not an endemic
Peak incidence in the late winter to early spring
Death rate: 11.5-13%
Why vaccinate or not?
Prevalence of Meningitis Serogroups
46% Serogroup B
45% Serogroup C
Unsure Serogroup Y
Unsure Serogroup W-135
Serogroup A: rarely cause disease in the US. Most commonly causes disease in third world countries.
Why vaccinate or not?
Summary
Serotype A …rarely causes disease in US
Serotype C …no protection for infants
Serotype Y,W… unknown incidence
Serotype B most common type with nearly 50% of cases of meningitis is not covered by the vaccine.
Contains thimerosal
Antibodies last for 2-3 years
Not used for actual treatment
Menomune vaccine A/C/Y/W-135 package insert
Why vaccinate or not?
“U.S. surveillance data from the 1998-1999 school year suggest that the overall rate of meningococcal disease among students enrolled in college is lower than the rate among persons aged 18-23 who are not in college.”
MMWR June 30,2000/49(RR07);11-20
Why vaccinate or not?
New Vaccines out:
HPV
Shingles
Dental Carries
Rotavirus
Why vaccinate or not?
Human Papiloma Virus (HPV)
HPV is the most common sexually-transmitted infection in the U.S.
According to the National Institutes of Health National Cancer institute, in more than 90% of the cases, HPV infections are harmless and go away without treatment
There are more than 100 HPV types and 30-40 can be sexually transmitted, with 15 HPV types associated with cervical cancer. Type 16 and 18 most common to cause cancer. (about 70%)
Why vaccinate or not?
Human Papiloma Virus (HPV)
The majority of women clear the HPV virus from their bodies naturally but women with risk factors, such as HIV infection, smoking, long-time use of oral contraceptives, and co-infection with herpes simplex virus or chlamydia, are at higher risk for chronic HPV infection.
Chronic HPV infection is associated with precancerous changes in the cervix which can progress to cervical cancer if left undiagnosed and untreated.
Between 1955 and 1992, cervical cancer deaths in American women dropped by 74 percent due to routine pap smears.
There are about 9,800 new cases of cervical cancer annually diagnosed in the U.S., which represents .007 percent out of the approximately 1,372,000 new cancer cases of all types diagnosed.
Why vaccinate or not?
Human Papiloma Virus (HPV)
In the U.S., cervical cancer is the 14th most common type of cancer in women but in South America, Africa and Asia, cervical cancer is the most common cancer in women because of poor health care and no pap screening.
There are about 3,700 deaths, in mostly older American women, annually attributed to HPV-related cervical cancer, which is about .006 percent of the approximately 570,000 cancer deaths that occur in the U.S.
Survival for women with pre-invasive cervical cancer lesions is nearly 100% with early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Why vaccinate or not?
Human Papiloma Virus (HPV) Vaccine
Each 0.5-mL dose contains approximately 20 mcg of HPV 6 L1 protein, 40 mcg of HPV 11 L1 protein, 40 mcg of HPV 16 L1 protein, and 20 mcg of HPV 18 L1 protein.
Each 0.5-mL dose of the vaccine contains approximately 225 mcg of aluminum (as amorphous aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulfate adjuvant), 9.56 mg of sodium chloride, 0.78 mg of L-histidine, 50 mcg of polysorbate 80, 35 mcg of sodium borate, and water for injection.
CLINICAL STUDIES
CIN 2/3 and AIS are the immediate and necessary precursors of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the cervix, respectively. Their detection and removal has been shown to prevent cancer; thus, they serve as surrogate markers for prevention of cervical cancer.
HPV package insert
Why vaccinate or not?
Human Papiloma Virus (HPV) Vaccine
GARDASIL was efficacious against HPV disease caused by each of the 4 vaccine HPV types.
In a pre-defined analysis, the efficacy of GARDASIL against HPV 16/18-related disease was 100% (95% CI: 87.9%, 100.0%) for CIN 3 or AIS and 100% (95% CI: 55.5%, 100.0%) for VIN 2/3 or VaIN 2/3. The efficacy of GARDASIL against HPV 6-, 11-, 16-, and 18-related VIN 1 or VaIN 1 was 100% (95% CI: 75.8%, 100.0%).
When Cancer Monthly began looking at the research that enabled this "cervical cancer vaccine" to receive FDA approval we were astounded to find that this approval was not based on the vaccine's actual prevention of cervical cancer. Instead a surrogate was used - precancerous lesions. We were pleased to see a recent article in the Wall Street Journal (WSJ) that echoed these same issues - "Questions on Efficacy Cloud a Cancer Vaccine" April 16, 2007; Page A1. The WSJ stated, "The Food and Drug Administration didn't ask its panel of experts advising on Gardasil to rule on whether the vaccine specifically prevented the cancer itself.“
How effective is Gardasil in decreasing the incidence of cervical cancer? 100%? 50%? No one really knows because this question has not yet been answered. As of today, the Gardasil vaccine has never been proven to decrease the actual incidence of cervical cancer
Why vaccinate or not?
Human Papiloma Virus (HPV) Vaccine
The large-scale implementation of human papilloma virus (HPV) immunization will be followed by cases of autoimmune diseases occurring in temporal association with immunizations.
If HPV immunization had been used with 80% coverage, 3 per 100,000 adolescents would have required emergency care for asthma/allergy within 24 hours and 2 per 100,000 for diabetes within 1 week of an injection. The risks of hospitalization in temporal association with immunization are 4 times higher for thyroiditis than for multiple sclerosis or Guillain-Barre's syndrome, and more than 20 times higher in young women than in adolescents.
November 2007, 26:11 > Human Papilloma Virus Immunization...The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal (C) 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
Why vaccinate or not?
Human Papiloma Virus (HPV) Vaccine
"The overall message, in my mind, is that among susceptible young women, the vaccine was highly effective in preventing HPV-16 or -18 precancerous cervical lesions," Koutsky said. When the researchers included all the women enrolled in the study, the vaccine reduced the risk of lesions caused by types 16 and 18 by 44%.
But when Koutsky and her colleagues considered lesions caused by all strains of the virus, the vaccine reduced the risk by only 17%.
Dr. Diane M. Harper of Dartmouth University, who helped design a related Merck-funded HPV study in the journal.
She is still in favor of giving Gardasil to girls because it is safe and it "protects against the main HPV bad actors," but she argued that neither doctors nor women should be lulled into a false sense of security by the shots. "I don't think this is the gun that is going to take cervical cancer off the map," she said
Why vaccinate or not?
Human Papiloma Virus (HPV) Vaccine
The FDA allowed Merck to use a potentially reactive aluminum containing placebo as a control for most trial participants, rather than a non-reactive saline solution placebo.
The analysis gives evidence for a reported association in VAERS between Gardasil and Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS), with a statistically significant increased risk of GBS and other serious adverse event reports when Gardasil is co-administered with other vaccines, especially meningococcal vaccine (Menactra®).
GBS is a disorder in which the body’s immune system attacks part of the peripheral nervous system, and can cause total paralysis. “Our analysis of Gardasil reports to VAERS indicates there was a two to 12 times greater likelihood that serious adverse events, such as GBS, were reported when Gardasil was given in combination with Menactra rather than given alone,” said Vicky Debold, PhD, RN, NVIC director of patient safety.
Can go to the VAERS website to see the type of reactions people have had to this vaccine. Deaths
What to do if you choose to not vaccinate?
There are 4 exemptions
Medical
Religious
Philosophical
Proof of Immunity
All states have medical exemptions
All states except West Virginia and Mississippi have religious exemptions
Philosophical exemptions are allowed in AZ, CA, CO, ID, LA, ME,MN, MI, NM,OH,OK, UT, VT, WI, WA, TX, ND, RI
What to do if you choose to not vaccinate?
What if I started vaccinating but I want to stop?
This is completely acceptable
Ill advised to start and stop and start again
What if my doctor will no longer see me as a patient?
Educate doctor
Find new doctor
What if my child is dealing with issues that could have been caused by vaccine?
If serious contact VAERS
Work with a naturopath or homeopathic doctor to remove toxins
Keep the child’s immune system functioning at a high level
Get the child’s nerve system checked
Keep the child well nourished
Allow the child to get plenty of rest
Allow the child to fight infections on their own as much as possible
Wash hands
Maintain good hygiene
Breast feed
Learn to identify illnesses. Nosodes, Vitamins, and/or Antibiotics for treating illness
Stay informed and be open minded
What to do if you choose to vaccinate?
In Japan, who was just ranked as the #2 healthiest country in the world, they switched the vaccine schedule to start at 2 years of age. The rate of reactions to vaccines went down 90%.
Choose to vaccinate 1 vaccine at a time or minimize the amount given at one time.
Choose vaccines that are thimerasol free
Choose the vaccines that you want your child to have
Ask your doctor if you can pick and choose which ones to give
Keep the child’s immune system functioning at a high level
Get the child’s nerve system checked
Keep the child well nourished
Allow the child to get plenty of rest
Allow the child to fight infections on their own as much as possible
Wash hands
Maintain good hygiene
Breastfeed
Ask the eight questions from NVIC
Learn to identify illnesses. Nosodes, Vitamins, and/or Antibiotics for treating illness
Stay informed and an open mind
Stay Informed
Resources
www.cdc.gov
www.nvic.org
www.healthsentinel.com
www.pubmed.com
www.who.int/en/
www.nmaseminars.com
www.vaers.hhs.gov
www.usdoj.gov/civil/torts/const/vicp/index.htm
More Presentations
By kingdomkids
Published Feb 11, 2013
By kingdomkids
Published Feb 11, 2013
By kingdomkids
Published Feb 23, 2013
By kingdomkids
Published Mar 1, 2013